Freshwater species

Life in many Norwegian lakes and rivers has been greatly influenced by alien species. Great damage has been caused both by species that are new in Norway and by species that occur naturally here, but that have been moved or spread to new areas. Only species introduced from other countries are included in the table below. 

The minnow and the northern pike are examples of native species that are being spread deliberately or accidentally and that have caused significant changes to the original life in lakes and rivers. Some of the introduced species are pathogenic organisms that cause great harm. They include the fungal parasite Aphanomyces astaci, which causes a lethal disease in crayfish, and the salmon parasite Gyrodactylus salaris, which has wiped out the salmon population in a number of rivers.

Alien freshwater species that have become established in Norway

 

English name

Scientific name

Origin

Arrived year/period

Fam. Cyprinidae
Carp Cyprinus carpio Asia
Goldfish

Carassius auratus

Europe and Asia
Tench Tinca tinca Europe and Asia
Sunbleak Leucaspius delineatus Europe and Asia
Gudgeon Gobio gobio Europe 1980s
Fam. Ictaluridae
Catfish (Dwarf bullhead) Ictalurus nebulosus North America 1890
Fam. Salmonidae
Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss North America
Canadian char Salvelinus namaycush North America
Brook char Salvelinus fontinalis North America
Fam. Centrarcidae
Pumpkinseed Centrarchidae North America 1990s
Signal crayfish Pasifastacus leniusculus North America Approximately 1980

Examples of alien, pathogenic organisms that have become established in freshwater

 

Source: Norwegian Institute for Nature Resarch (NINA) and Directorate for Nature Management

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